K12 Homeschool

Tips to Maintain Better Grades In School

One of the more stressful things that you are likely to face in your school career is trying to keep your grades at acceptable levels. Ultimately, this is something that you have control over, although you are going to need to work hard in order to get the highest grades that are possible. If you find that you are struggling in this regard or if you would simply like to do your very best academically, here are some tips that can help you to get those good grades that you desire.

One important thing for you to consider that is often overlooked by students is the position within the classroom where you are sitting. If you tend to gravitate toward the edges or the back of the class, it is likely that you are going to have lower grades as a result. This is not only because of the fact that you will miss out on some of the one-on-one attention that you can get from the teacher, it is also because of the distractions that may take you away from your courses. In addition, seating yourself in the front of the classroom in a position where you are close to the teacher is also going to let them know that you are serious about your school career.

Do you know how to study properly? This is something that many students struggle with but it is one of the more important things that must be mastered. You should work on your study skills and continue to study on a daily basis. Take notes while you're in class and review those notes as a form of studying which will help you to keep everything fresh in mind. If you find that your mind is drifting during the time that you should be studying, try to block your time in small increments so that you can remain focused.

Have you considered the possibility of hiring a tutor? Tutoring is possible for almost any subject, from hiring a math tutor online for kids all the way to getting more specific tutoring for state tests. In either case, the benefits of tutoring are going to be far more than simply getting better grades. When a student uses a tutor successfully, they are going to have higher self-esteem and they will likely have the confidence that is necessary to succeed in life. Make sure that you are taking full advantage of what a tutor has to offer to you during your school career.

Finally, consider the possibility that you are going to need additional help at some point during your schooling. We've already discussed the point of using a tutor but even if a tutor is not desired, you should still seek assistance when any problems display themselves. The sooner you get help for your problems, the more likely it is going to be that you will overcome those difficulties and really succeed. It will also benefit you by showing the teacher and anyone else involved that you are serious about your schooling and want to do your very best.

Ralph Gomez is the author of this article about maintaining better grades in school. Working as a counselor he has shown students many online resources to get tutoring for state tests . Another great resource to use are math tutors online for kids struggling with math. This advice has helped student maintain better grades in school.

Introduction to Measurement

Introduction to measurement:

A physical quantity can not be understood completely by a simple description of its properties. While describing a person, we call him short or tall or heavy or light. This will not give full description of the person. We must have quantitative measurement of his height or weight, i.e., the physical quantities. There is an immense need to measure relevant physical quantities to have a comprehensive understanding of related physical phenomena. Lord Kelvin felt that the knowledge of physical quantities accurately and express them in numbers. Without measurements there can be no development in physics. The experimental measurements are highly essential to verify the theoretical laws. In our daily life we use a number of physical quantities like length , time , area, volume , speed, velocity, acceleration, force temperature etc. For measuring a physical quantity, a standard reference of the same physical quantity is essential. This standard reference is called 'Unit'.

Introduction to Measurement:: Centimeter and meter

A unit of measurement of a physical quantity is the standard reference of the same physical quantity which is used for comparison of he given quantity. In any measurement of a quantity, the final result is expressed as a number followed by the unit. For example, the height of a person is 1.6 metres. Here 'metre' is the unit and his height is expressed as 1.6 times (a number) multiplied by the unit. It can also be expressed as 160 centimetres, where 'centimetre' is the unit. The smaller the unit, the greater is the number of times that unit is contained in the quantity. Hence depending on the situation, suitable units have to be used to measure the quantities. The unit must be accepted internationally. A standard unit should be consistent , reproducible, invariable and easily available for usage. The process of measurement of a quantity involves : (a) Selection of a unit (b) to find the number of times that unit is contained in the physical quantity.

Introduction to Measurement::Significant measures

As precise and accurate measurements of physical quantities are quite essential in the study of physical sciences, measurements forms the basic foundation of any scientific investigation. There will be certain amount of uncertainty inherent in the measurement of quantities by any instrument. This uncertainty is called the 'error' . Basing on measured values of the quantity, we make certain calculations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. For example, we divide the distance travelled by an object by the time taken to find the speed of the object. Such calculations will also contain the errors in the measurements.

Certain (minimum number of ) quantities like length, mass, time, ...etc , are taken as the fundamental (base) quantities and are represented by capital letters as L, M, T, ..etc. Any other quantity can be expressed as a product of different powers of these fundamental (base) quantities. In such an expression, the power of a fundamental (base) quantity is called the dimension of that quantity in that base. For example, velocity can be expressed as displacement / time = '(L)/(T)' = L1-1 . Hence, the dimensions of velocity are in 1 in length and -1 in time. T

As every measurement contains errors, the result of a measurement is to be reported in such a manner to indicate the precision of measurement. We report the result of the measurement in the form of a number along with units of the quantity concerned. The number should be such that it includes all the digits that are known reliably and in addition one more digit that is an estimation and is not quite certain or reliable. The reliable digits plus the uncertain digit are called the 'Significant digits' or 'Significant figures' .

Number of Divisors

Introduction to Whole Number Divisors:

A division method can be done by using the division symbol ÷. The division can be otherwise said to be inverse of multiplication. The one of the major operation in mathematics is division operation. In division, a ÷ b = c, in that representation "a" is said to be dividend and "b" is said to be divisor and "c" is said to be quotient. The letter "c" represents the division of a by b. Here the resultant answer "c' is said to be quotient. Let us see about whole number divisors in this article.

Whole Number Divisors for the Number eighty

The numbers that can divide by eighty is said to be the divisors of eighty.

Let us assume that eighty can be divided by 2, 4, 5, 8, and 10.

Example 1:

Divide the whole number 80 ÷ 2

Solution:

Let us write the given number eighty inside the division bracket. The divisor can be put it in the left side of the division bracket.

2)80(

The number 2 should go into 8 for 4 times. So, put 4 in the right side of the bracket.

2)80(40

---------------

-------------------

The zero can be placed just near the 4 in the quotient place.

The solution for dividing eighty by 2 is 40.

Example 2:

Divide the whole number 80 ÷ 4

Solution:

Let us write the given number eighty inside the division bracket. The divisor can be put it in the left side of the division bracket.

4)80(

The number 4 should go into 8 for 2 times. So, put 2 in the right side of the bracket.

4)80(20

---------------

-------------------

The zero can be placed just near the 2 in the quotient place.

The solution for dividing eighty by 4 is 20.

More Problems to Practice for Finding the Divisors for eighty

Example 3:

Divide the whole number eighty ÷ 5

Solution:

Let us write the given number eighty inside the division bracket. The divisor can be put it in the left side of the division bracket.

5)80(

The number 5 should go into 8 for 1 time. So, put 1 on the right side of the division bracket.

5)80(1

---------------

-------------------

Then the number 5 should go into 30 for 6 times. So put 6 just near the 1 on the quotient place.

5)80(16

---------------

----------------

The solution for dividing 80 by 5 is 16.

Example 4:

Divide the whole number 80 ÷ 8

Solution:

Let us write the given number eighty inside the division bracket. The divisor can be put it in the left side of the division bracket.

10)80(

The number 8 should go into 8 for 1 time. So put 1 on the right side of the division bracket.

8)80(10

---------------

----------------

The zero can be placed just near the 1 in the quotient place.

The solution for dividing eighty by 8 is 10.

Example 5:

Divide 80 ÷ 10

Solution:

Let us write the given number eighty inside the division bracket. The divisor can be put it in the left side of the division bracket.

10)80(

The number 10 should go into 8 for 0 times. So, take the digit as two digits in a given number of the division bracket.

Then the number 10 should go into eighty for 8 times. So put 8 on the right side of the division bracket.

10)80(8

---------------

-------------------

The solution for dividing eighty by 10 is 8.

Therefore, the divisors for the whole number eighty are 2, 4, 5, 8 and 10.

Why is Geometry Important in Life

Introduction:

Geometry is important in life because it is the learning of space and spatial dealings is an important and necessary area of the mathematics curriculum at every evaluation levels. The geometry theories are important in life ability in much profession. The geometry offers the student with a vehicle for ornamental logical reasoning and deductive thoughts for modeling abstract problems. The study of geometry is important in life because it's increasing the logical analysis and deductive thinking, which assists us expand both mentally and mathematically.

Definition for why is geometry important in life:

This article going to explain about why geometry is important in life. Geometry is a multifaceted science, and a lot of people do not have an everyday need for its most advanced formulas. Understanding fundamental geometry is essential for day to day life, because we never know when the capability to recognize an angle or figure out the region of a room will come in handy.

Importance of geometry in life:

The world is constructing of shape and space, and geometry is its mathematics.

It is relaxed geometry is good preparation. Students have difficulty with thought if they lack adequate experience with more tangible materials and activities.

Geometry has more applications than just inside the field itself. Often students can resolve problems from other fields more easily when they represent the problems geometrically.

Uses of geometry:

Gtry is the establishments of physical mathematics presents approximately surround us. A home, a bike and everything can made by physical constraints is geometrically formed.

Gmetry allows us to precisely compute physical seats and we can relate this to the convenience of mankind.

Anything can be manufacturing use of geometrical constraints like Architecture, design, engineering and building.

Example:

Let us see one example regarding why geometry important in our life. If you want to paint a room in your accommodation, you should know how much square feet of room you are going to cover by paint in order to know how much paint to buy. You should know how much square feet of lawn you contain to buy the correct amount of fertilizer or grass seed. If you required constructing a shed you would have to know how much lumber to buy so you should know the number of the square feet for the walls and the floor.

architecture is a one of the foundation of all technologies and science using the language of pictures, diagrams and design. was fully depends on structure ,size and shape of the object. In every day was very important in architectural through more technologies In a daily life was used in th technology of computer graphics, structural engineering, Robotics technology, Machine imaging, Architectural application and animation application.

In this article why is geometry important in architecture, We see about application of architecture in daily life and technology sides.

Basic concepts of important in architecture:

General application of or important :

Generally was used for identifying size, shape and measurement of an object.

Fining volume, surface area, area ,perimeter of the room a and also properties about shaped objects in building construction.

Also used for more technologies for example : computer graphics and CAD

Computer graphics:

In computer graphics was used to design the building with help of more software technologies. And also how to transferred the object position.

Online Basic Geometry Definitions

Introduction :

In this article online basic geometry definitions tutor,we will learn some important geometry definitions they are necessary to understand geometry concept.Those basic geometry definitions are used to design a graph with the assistance of those terms. Tutor will teach to individual and guide them to get the solution for problems through some websites via online. Online is a tool for self-learning from websites.

Basic definitions-

Supplementary angles:

We can call any two angles as supplementary angles,if the sum up of them should be 180°

Complementary angles:

We can call any two angles as complementary angles,if the sum up of them should be 90°

Acute triangle:

An acute triangle means a t in which all three angles should be less than 90°.

Obtuse triangle:

Obtuse triangle means one type of tria in this one angle must be greater than 90°.

Right angle triangle:

A right angle tria means one type of tri in which one angle must be a right (90°) angle.

Triangle Inequality:

The triangle inequality means the addition of any two side should be greater than the third side

Scalene Triangle:

A scalene trigle means a triangle with three different unequal length of side.

some more definitions-

Centroid:

The centroid means a point in which three lines will meet each other. This point is a center point of a trigle. If we cut a tria corresponds to that center we will get three equal parts.

Circle:

In circle the distance between the center and to any point present in the outer line of a circle is same.

Radius:

Radius of a circle is the distance between the circle's center and any point present on the circle.

Circumcenter:

In a triae three perpendicular line drawn from the three sides bisect each other . That point is called as circumcenter.From this center point we can draw a circle

Congruent:

Two figures are said to congruent when all the parameters should be same interms of length and angles.

Altitude:

An altitude means a line connecting a vertex to the opposite side.

Vertex:

Vertex means a point.

Transversal:

A transversal means a line which passes through two another lines there is a no issue that should be parallel.

Point:

A point indicates a single location

Plane:

Plane is a flat, two-dimensional object one.

Quadrilateral:

Quadrilateral is defined as a polygon and has exactly 4 sides.

Trapezoid:

A trapezoid means a quadrilateral which contain one pair of opposite side they should be parallel to each other.

Polygon:

A polygon means a two-dimensional geometric object.It is made up of a straight line segment those segments touches at the ends.

Rectangle:

Rectangle means a quadrilateral and should has 4 right angle.

These are the few terms for basic geometry

Solving Geometry Angles Problems

Introduction solving geometry angles problems:

Geometry is the most important branch in math. It involves study of shapes. It also includes plane geometry, solid geometry, and spherical geometry. Plane geometry involves line segments, circles and triangles. Solid geometry includes planes, solid figures, and geometric shapes. Spherical geometry includes all spherical shapes. Line segment is the basic in geometry. There are many 2D, 3D shapes.2D shapes are rectangle, square, rhombus etc. 3D sahpes are Cube, Cuboid and pyramid and so on. Basic types of angles are complementary angles and supplementary and corresponding , vertical .

Basic Geometric Properties used in solving problems

Some important theorems used in solving geometry problems :

The sum of the complementary is always 90 degree.

The sum of the supplementary is always 180 degree.

When two parallel lines crossed by the transversal the corresponding angles are formed. Those angles are equal in measure.

When two lines are intersecting then the vertical are always equal.

In a parallelogram the sum of the adjacent are 180 degree. And the opposite are equal in measure.

Solving example of geometry problems

Solving geometry problems using the above properties :

Pro 1. One of the given angles is 50. Solve its complementary angle.

Solution:A sum of complementary angle is 90 degree.

Given angle is 50

So the another angle = 90-50

So the next angle = 40

Pro 2. One of the given angles is 120. Solve its supplementary angle.

Solution: A Sum of supplementary is 180 degrees

Given angle is 120 degrees.

So, the unknown = 180-120.

So,the unknown = 60 degrees.

Pro 3. The angle given is 180.Solve its corresponding .

Solution:Corresponding are equal

So, the answer is 180

Pro 4. A figure has an of 45 degrees. Solve its vertically opposite angle.

Solution:Vertically opposite are equal.

So, the answer is 45 degrees.

Pro 5. One of the two of the triangle is 55 and 120 degree. Solve the measure of third angle

Solution:Sum of = 180 degrees.

So, the third = 180 - (55 + 120)

= 180 - 175

= 5 degrees

So, third angle is 5 degrees.

Pro 6. If one angle of the parallelogram is 60 degree. Solve the other three .

Solution:A sum of the in a parallelogram is 360 degree.

In a parallelogram adjacent angle are supplementary and opposite are equal.

Therefore, opposite angle of 60 degree is also 60 degree.

And the adjacent angle of 60 degree is 180 - 60 =120 degree.

Here, other three angle are 60 degree and 120 degree, 120 degree.

Magnet Uses

Introduction to magnet uses:

Magnet is an object that produces a magnetic field. The so called magnetic field is invisible to human eye, but it solely responsible for creating the typical characteristic and property of a magnet, i.e. the invisible force that attracts other various ferromagnetic materials and objects like iron, and attracts and repels other magnets as well. There are permanent magnets that are naturally magnetized and create a consistent magnetic field around them. There are also materials that can be magnetized artificially and hence they get attracted to magnets. These are known as ferromagnetic materials and objects. Another aspect is the electro magnet. An electro magnet is made up of a coil which acts as a magnet when certain electric current passes through it. The magnetic moment determined the overall strength of a magnet while the magnetization determines the local strength of magnetism in a material.

Electro Magnets in details

In simple words, an electro magnet is made up by coiling an electric wire into number of lops called the solenoid. It is when electric current is passed through the wire; it creates a strong magnetic field around it, hence providing it the basic magnetic property of attracting ferromagnetic objects. There are a number of uses of an electro magnet. Electro magnets are used for manufacture of junkyard cranes, particle accelerators, magnetic resonance machines for detecting health problems, for manufacture of electric bells, for manufacture of magnetic locks, for magnetic separation of particles, for manufacture of MRI machines and mass spectrometers and other electro mechanical devices.

Common Uses of a Magnet

There are numerous uses of a magnet. Magnet is used in daily life and also for industrial purposes. It is dynamic and extremely resourceful. Following are some very vital uses of a magnet -

Credit Cards and Debit Cards: A wide use of magnets is in the manufacture of credit cards, debit cards and ATM cards. Behind each of these is a magnetic strip. The information is encoded in the magnetic strip and helps to contact the individual's financial institution and connect with their accounts.For manufacture of electric motors and generators: There is a combination of an electro magnet and a permanent magnet found in motors that help to convert electric energy into mechanical energy. The reverse concept is used in generators which coverts mechanical energy into electric energy.Medication: Now days the use of magnets by hospitals has increased substantially. Use of magnets has brought a revolution in the field of surgery and medication. The modern day doctors use the process of Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Through this concept, all the major problems of the patients are diagnosed by the doctors without performing any kind of invasive surgery.For magnetic recording media: Video tapes, Computer Floppies, Hard Disks and etc. use the concept of magnetic reel which helps to encode the information on the magnetic coating which ultimately is transferred in the form of audio and video. This was arguably the revolution as far as the extensive use of magnets is concerned.Miscellaneous: Other very vital uses of magnets are for manufacturing of toys, manufacturing of speakers and micro phones, industrial uses such as lifting heavy iron objects, manufacturing of transformers, for the process of manufacturing of jewellery, for manufacture of chucks that help in the field of metal working etc.Rate this Article

Nandan Nayak has published 80 articles. Article submitted on May 31, 2013. Word count: 545

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Types of Management Plans

Introduction:

The prosperity of an organization depends upon the preparation and execution of the management plans. It is a well known fact that it is impossible for an organization to operate without outlining proper management plans. Over the years through extensive study and management research, many scholars have divided management plans in two types, namely, Strategic Management Plans and Operational Management Plans.

Classification of management plans

Strategic Management Plans - It involves proper planning and far-sightedness for conceptualizing the strengths and weaknesses of the organization, pertaining to the environment in which it exists. Strategic Management Plans deals with the envisioning of at least three to five years in the future and deciding what are the pathways that the organization intends to take and create new vistas of opportunities. It strongly involves the basic elements of market research and financial projections with detailed study of promotional planning and taking all the necessary steps to fulfill the operational requirements. It is the best way to find out the amount of capital to be raised, expansion target and optimum use of the available resources. Strategic managerial plans also deals with relationship managerialas in today's world, management and the correct use of contacts is very important.

Operational Management Plans - It is the interim period which deals with Operational Management Plans. This is also termed as Tactical Planning and it also deals with the aspects that involve the concept of an annual budget. Operational managerialPlans entirely focuses on making sure that a given task is completed. It is irrespective of whether it is driven by the entire organization's budget, any personal budget or any functional area of responsibility. It can also be said that operational managerial plans are indirectly derived from strategic managerial plans. It is an outflow of a detailed strategic managerial plan and can be seen as a part of the initiating and implementation stage of a more comprehensive long term plan.

Standing & Single Use Management Plans -

Standing Plans are further of three types, namely Policies, Procedures and Rules. While Single Use Plans are further of two types, namely, Programs and Budgets. Here is a short note on different types of Standing and Single Use Plans :

Policies - It focuses on accomplishing the organization's objectives by furnishing the broad guidelines for the correct course of action.

Procedures -Procedures outline a more specific set of actions and deals with the implementation of a set of related actions in order to finish a particular task.

Rules - Rules are a set of guidelines that show the way and manner in which a task is to be accomplished. It lays down the do's and don'ts that are to be strictly followed by the members of the organization without any deviation.

Programs - Programs deal with the guidelines that are set for accomplishing a special project within the organization. The project may not be in existence for the entire tenure of the organization, but if the project is accomplished, it might result in short-term success of the organization which might ultimately prove to be extremely helpful.

Budget - A Budget represents a specific period of time which indicates it as a single user financial plan. It is a complete set up indicating the process of procuring the funds and channelizing the funds. It shows in details how funds are to be utilized on labor, raw materials, capital goods, marketing and information systems.

Preschool Academics Education in Los Angeles

Even 20 years back from the present time the preschool concept was not that usual however even in that also preschool education in Los Angeles was quite familiar. But in the present scenario this is a very usual thing indeed and this concept has be spread throughout the world and in any country now there are loads of schools for children who are not even eligible for pre primary education. There is a huge availability of preschool Calabasas as well. Actually at present times people are very much busy into work and along with that there is huge competition as well. Therefore just in order to make the children more advanced and interactive parents often choose to send them for preschool education. Even in preschool Agoura Hills people are very much fond of this trend and another reason behind it is the top class infrastructure and guidance they provide to the children.

Such schools are also known as kindergarten that educates children through fun and joy. However there are a number of people according to whom the kindergarten does not pay much to the academics but that is not true. Actually these preschools are is not all about studies but there are a lot more thins to be learnt like how to communicate with others, how to make oneself comfortable in the crowd and much more. Most of the times it is seen that kids do not feel easy when they first step up into their school life but once they are used to other friends and once they learn how to mix up with other people, their communication skill becomes much fluent. A preschool can be called as a warm up session before the nursery school. In the busy places people choose the preschool for their children and preschool Hidden Hills are one of the examples.

If seen in detail it can be figured out that there are some cons of this educational system as well. One of the biggest drawbacks of this the children get less time to spend at home and with the parents as well. Sometimes they lose the homesickness.

But these are not something that cannot be changed. Having a proper family guidance they can have a good start of their educational life. In today's busy days in maximum cases parents fail to pay the proper attention to their children and because of that the kids gradually start feeling depressed. Preschool education is a good way out for them as it does not only make them out of the depressed situation but at the make them happy and busy as well.

All in all such playgroup education has both positive and negative side however the positive effects of such education outweighs the negative points in a large way. Nowadays in fact due to huge competition it is somewhat essential as well to provide the kids this education as it helps them to start a good educational life since the basic of diverse curriculum of academic life gets started here.

Through exciting and varied daily activities that stimulate today's child, our teachers at The Boulevard School provide their classes with an environment that encourages the children to participate in the classroom learning centers. Find out more on preschool Academics in Calabasas .

Number Zero Origin

THE ORIGIN OF NUMBER ZERO:-

In this Article the information about the history of zero and its importance, its usage in various cultures is discussed, in addition to that its relevance and importance in fields other than mathematics is discussed

According to Charles Seife, author of "Zero: The Biography of a Dangerous Idea", The Number zero was first used in West circa 1200; it was delivered by an Italian Mathematician, who joined this, with the Arabic numerals. For Zero there are at least two discoveries, or inventions. He says that the one was from the Fertile Crescent. That first came to existence in Babylon, between 400 to 300 B.C. Seife also says that, before 0 getting developed in India, it started in Northern Africa and from the hands of Fibonacci and to Europe Via Italy.

Zero, initially was a mere place holder, Seife says 'That is not a full zero', "A Full zero is a number on its own; It's the average of 1 and -1". "In India zero took as a shape, unlike being a punctuation number between numbers, in the 5th century A.D.", says Dr.Robert Kaplan. He is the author of "The nothing that is: A Natural History of Zero". "It isn't until then and not even full then, that Zero gets citizenship in the republic of numbers," says Kaplan.

In Mayan Culture, In the new world the second look of Zero appears then, in the centuries of A.D. Also Kaplan says, "That I suppose Zero being wholly devised form the scratch"

An Italian book mentioned a point about Zero, saying that The usage of Zero by Ellenistic Mathematicians, would have defined a decimal notation equivalent to the system used by the Indo-Arabic. The Book is titled - "La rivoluzione dimenticata - The Forgotten Revolution" Russo, 2003, Feltrinolli by Lucio Russo.

The ancient Greeks were very doubtful about zero as being a number. They kept posing questions on this topic. "How can nothing be something?", these questions led to philosophical arguments about the usage of zero. Comparing it with vacuum many discussions took place.

number zero origin - More information

More about the number zero origin:-

Zero is written as a circle or an eclipse. Earlier, there was no much difference between the letter o and 0. Type writers earlier had no distinction between o and 0. There was no special key installed on the type writer for zero. A slashed zero was used to distinguish between letter and digit. IBM used the digit zero by putting a dot in the center and this was continued in the Microsoft windows also. Another variation proposed at that time was a vertical bar instead of dot. Few fonts which were designed for the use in computer made the o letter more rounded and digit 0 more angular. Later the Germans had made a further distinction by slitting 0 on the upper right side.

number zero origin - importance

IMPORTANCE:-

The value zero is used extensively in the fields of Physics, Chemistry and also Computer Sciences. In Physics zero is distinguished form all other levels. In Kelvin Scale the coolest temperature chosen is zero. In Celsius scale zero is measured to be the freezing point of water. The intensity of sound is measured in decibels or photons, wherein zero is set as a reference value.

Zero has got very importance as all its binary coding is to be done with 1's and 0's. Before the existence of 0 the binary coding is very difficult. The concept of arrays also uses 0 prominently, for n items it contains 0 to n-1 items. Database management always starts with a base address value of zero.

Five Number Summary Online

Introduction to five number summary online help:

Five number summary is one of the important topics in mathematics. Five number summary is a sample from which they are derived from a particular group of individuals. Five number summary has a set of observations. In a single variable, it has a set of observations. Five number summary has a different statistics. Here we help learn about the different statistics involved in five number summary.

Online:

The specific meaning of the term online is nothing but the connecting two states. Online is mostly used in computer technology and telecommunications. Online can be referred the World Wide Web or it may be Internet.

Five number summary online help:

Different statistics are involved in five number summary are,

Minimum

Maximum

Median

Lower quartile

Upper quartile

Minimum:

Lowest value in the given set of numbers.

Maximum:

Largest value in the given set of numbers.

Median:

Middle value in the given set of numbers.

Lower quartile:

Number between the minimum and median.

Upper quartile:

Number between the maximum and median.

Five number summary online help - Steps to solve:

There are different steps to solve the five number summary are,

Observation can be arranged in the ascending order.

The lowest and largest value in the observation can be determined.

The median can be determined. When the observation has odd number of observation than the median is in middle of the observation. Otherwise it is an even number then the median is calculated by the average of the two middle numbers.

The upper quartile can be determined. When the observation minus one is divided by 4 means it is starting with the median and observations in the right side. Otherwise the observation is not divided by four means upper quartile is the median of the observation to the right of the location of overall median.

The lower quartile can be Determined. When the observation set minus one is divided by 4 then it is starting with the median and its observations in the left side. Otherwise the observation is not divided by four means lower quartile is the median of the observation to the left of the location of overall median

Five number summary online help - Example problem:

Example 1:

Help to find the five number summary for the given set of data

{235, 222, 244, 255, 217, 228, and 267}

Solution:

Given set of data

{235, 222, 244, 255, 217, 228, and 267}

{217, 222, 228, 235, 244, 255, 267} [Arrange the set in ascending order]

Minimum and Maximum values in the given set of data are 217 and 267.

Median:

Given observation is odd. So the median is middle of the observation then the median is 235.

Lower quartile:

Given observation is not divisible by four. So the lower quartile is {217, 222, and 228}

Upper quartile:

Given observation is not divisible by four. So the upper quartile is {244, 255, and 267}.

Answer:

Minimum: 217

Maximum: 267

Median: 235

Lower quartile: {217, 222 and 228}

Upper quartile: {244, 255 and 267}

How to Write a Demand Equation?

Introduction to How to write a demand equation

A demand equation shows the negative relationship between the price of the goods and quantity of the goods demanded keeping the other factors constant. When the price rises the quantity of goods demanded falls and when the price falls the quantity of goods demanded increases. A demand equation or a exact function expresses demand q (the number of items demanded) as a function of the unit price p (the price per item).

Equilibrium in the market happens at the quantity and price where exact is equal to the supply.

A simple exact equation -

For example; q = 5000 - 20P

Here, 5000 is the constant factor and it is negatively related to the price depicted by the -20P. It shows if the prices are prevailing at 100 per unit then q=5000 - 20(100) is q = 5000-2000 i.e q =3000 unit. Therefore at prices of 100 per unit, 3000 units of that item will be bought.

Writing a demand equation ;The factors affecting demand -

Prices of the product:

Prices are negatively related to the demand of the product. When prices rise demand falls and vice versa.

2. Income of the person:

Income of a person is directly related to the exact. When income rises demand for product also rises generally.

3. Prices of the substitute goods:

When prices of some substitute good increases then exact for its substitutes also increase making it more desirable among consumers. For example when prices of coke rise then the demand for Pepsi also rises.

4. Prices of complimentary goods:

When prices of the complimentary good increases then demand for its compliments also falls making it less desirable among consumers. For example when prices of petrol rises then the demand for cars falls.

5. Taste and preferences of the consumers:

Taste and preferences of the consumers keep on changing. A product demanded today may not be exact tomorrow.

The simplified form of linear demand function is,

q = mp + b

Where,

q - exact

p - Unit price

Wrting a detailed exact equation -

For example; q = 5000 - 20P + 10Y + 5Ps - 50Pc + 20T - 15T

Here, -20P = Negative relationship with prices

+10Y = Positive relationship with income

+5Ps = Positive relationship with increase in price of substitutes

-50Pc = Negative relationship with increase in price of compliments

+20T = Favourable taste and preference

-15T = Unfavourable taste and preference

Examples on exact Equation

Example: 1

The annual sales of a mobile shop have the following expression.

q = -30p + 7000

If you charge $100 per unit then find the expectation to sell.

Solution:

Given:

q = -30p + 7000

p = 100

Step 1:

The general form of linear demand function is as follows.

q = mp + b

Step 2:

q = -30(100) + 7000

= -3000 + 7000

= 4000

Answer: Linear demand function = 4000

Example: 2

The annual sales of a bag shop have the following expression.

q = -40p + 8000

If you charge $50 per unit then find the expectation to sell.

Solution:

Given:

q = -40p + 8000

p = 50

Step 1:

The general form of linear demand function is as follows.

q = mp + b

Step 2:

q = -40(50) + 8000

= -200 + 8000

= 7800

Answer: Linear demand function = 7800

Problems on exact Equation

Problem: 1

The annual sales of a bag shop have the following expression.

q = -20p + 5000

If you charge $20 per unit then find the expectation to sell.

Answer: 4600

Problem: 2

The annual sales of a mobile shop have the following expression.

q = -10p + 6000

If you charge $30 per unit then find the expectation to sell.

Answer: 5700

Play School Role in Children Development

Play school offering an environment where 20 & more children spend 3 to 4 hours in the supervision of playsschool teacher. Generally 2 to 3 years older children are going to such schools. They are offering children development environment where they learn the skills of interaction with other kids, playing games and other curriculum activities. Most of the people call it a day care and preschool.

More than thousands of such centers are available in metro cities like Delhi, Chennai, Mumbai and Kolkata. Now there are huge numbers of Playschool in Gurgaon to fulfill the requirement of parents and also offering best curricular activities to develop mental and analytical ability among kids.

In modern time life is so busy and parents are not able to give much time to their children. Pre - school is the best choice for such parents to get their children grows in good learning environment. Good Play school having lots of advantages in developing social behavior, academic skill, reading and writing in children. Let's explore major advantages: -

Teachers of such ceter are highly trained in understanding the children's requirement and also they can train children in right directions.It helps to child to develop his / her mental abilities.Intellectual developmentSocial developmentOffering play and work culture for child self development. Such Center having free environment where children are free to play with any toys and games.Offering different programs to develop language skills.Also offering home loving environment that most the child enjoy.

On the other side most of the people think play school is a kind of business and it does not have any significant role in child developments. Some of the play school may not even offer proper program for children development. Inexperience teachers can spoil your child attitude towards school. If children are not properly monitor they learn negative skills and attitude that will be very bad his / her future.

As per survey and analysis pre - school seems to be the best choice among parents because it offers various programs and curriculum activities that help children to gain better social awareness, learn new skills, and develop metal abilities.

Previously pre-school, play school and day care schools were more popular in foreign countries but from last many years such schools are gaining more popularity in India also. The demands of such school increasing due to fast working life, now everybody is working and they need such kind of schools and center where complete child learning as well as caring facility is available.

Hydroelectric Energy Production

Hydroelectric energy production

What is Hydro electricity?

Hydro electrical energy is the term referring to electricity generated by hydro power; the production of electrical power through the use of the gravitational force of falling or flowing water. It is the most widely used form of renewable energy. Once a hydroelectric complex is constructed, the project produces no direct waste, and has a considerably lower output level of the carbon dioxide (CO2) than fossil fuel powered energy plants.

History of hydro electricity :

History of hydro electricity Hydro power has been used since ancient times to grind flour and perform others tasks. In the mid-1770s, a French engineer Bernard Forest de Belabor published Architecture Hydraulique which described vertical- and horizontal-axis hydraulic machines. In the late 1800s, the electrical generator was developed and could now be coupled with hydraulics. The growing demand for the Industrial Revolution would drive development as well. In 1878, the world's first house to be powered with hydroelectricity was Cragside in Norththumberland England. The old Schoelkopf power station No 1 near Niagara falls in the U.S. side began to produce electricity in 1881.

Methods to generate Hydro electricity :

Methods to generate Hydro electricity There are four methods to generate Hydro electricity :- Tide Pumped-storage Run-of-the-river Conventional

Conventional method :

Most hydroelectric power comes from the potential energy of dam water driving water turbine and generator. The power extracted from the water depends on the volume and on the difference in height between the source and the water's outflow. The amount of potential energy in water is proportional to the head. To deliver water to a turbine while maintaining pressure arising from the head, a large pipe called a penstock may be used . Conventional method

hydroelectric energy production-Advantages and disadvantages

Pumped storage method :

Pumped storage method This method produces electricity to supply high peak demands by moving water between reservoirs at different elevations. At times of low electrical demand, excess generation capacity is used to pump water into the higher reservoir. When there is higher demand, water is released back into the lower reservoir through a turbine. Pumped-storage schemes currently provide the most commercially important means of large-scale grid energy storage and improve the daily capacity factor of the generation system.

Tide method :

Tide method A tidal power plant makes use of the daily rise and fall of water due to tides; such sources are highly predictable, and if conditions permit construction of reservoirs, can also be dispatched to generate power during high demand periods. Less common types of hydro schemes use water's kinetic energy or undammed sources such as undershot waterwheels.

How to calculate the amount of available power :

How to calculate the amount of available power A simple formula for approximating electric power production at a hydroelectric plant is :- P= ?hrgk where P is Power in watts, ? is the density of water (~1000 kg/m3), h is height in meters, r is flow rate in cubic meters per second, g is acceleration due to gravity of 9.8 m/s2 k is a coefficient of efficiency ranging from 0 to 1. Efficiency is often higher (that is, closer to 1) with larger and more modern turbines.

Advantages :

The major advantage of hydroelectricity is elimination of the cost of fuel. The cost of operating a hydroelectric plant is nearly immune to increases in the cost of fossil fuels such as oil , natural gas or coal and no imports are needed. Since hydroelectric dams do not burn fossil fuels, they do not directly produce carbon dioxide. A hydroelectric plant may be added with relatively low construction cost, providing a useful revenue stream to offset the costs of dam operation. Advantages

Disadvantages :

Disadvantages Hydroelectric power stations that uses dams would submerge large areas of land due to the requirement of a reservoir. Changes in the amount of river flow will correlate with the amount of energy produced by a dam. Generation of hydroelectric power changes the downstream river environment. Large reservoirs required for the operation of hydroelectric power stations result in submersion of extensive areas upstream of the dams, destroying biologically rich and productive lowland and valley forests, marshland and grasslands.

Statistics Homework

Introduction to Statistics homework: Statistics is defined as a process of analysis and organize the data.

We learn about mean, median, mode in statistics. Mean is same as average in arithmetic. Median is the midvalue of the data. Mode is the value of the data that appears most number of times.

Statistics deals with mean, deviation, variance and standard deviation. The process of finding the mean deviation about median for a continuous frequency distribution is similar as we did for mean deviation about the mean. It is a technology to collect, manage and analyze data. In this article, Basic functions and homework problems on statistics are given.

Statistics Functions and Examples:

In statistics the mean which has the same as average in arithmetic. In statistics mean is a set of data which can be dividing the sum of all the observations by the total number of observations in the data.

Sum of observations

Mean = ------------------------------------

Number of observations

The statistic is called sample mean and used in simple random sampling.

The mean of deviation has discrete frequency distribution and Continuous frequency distribution.

The mean deviation and median for a continuous frequency distribution is similar as for mean deviation about the mean.

Median is found by arranging the data first and using the formula

If n is even,

Median = '1/2[ n/2 "th item value"+(n/2+1) "th item value"]'

If n is odd, Median = '1/2 (n+1)'th item value

Variance: In statistics the variance s2 of a random variable X and of its distribution are the theoretical counter parts of the variance s2 of a frequency distribution. In a given data set of the variance can be determined by the sum of square of each data. Here variance is represented by Var (X). The formula to solve the variance for continuous and discrete random variable distributions can be shown. In statistics variance is the term that explains how average values of the data set vary from the measured data.

s2 = ?(X - M) 2 / N

S2 = ?(X - M) 2 / N

Standard Deviation: It is an arithmetical figure of spread and variability

Ex 1 : Choose the correct for normal frequency distribution.

A. mean is same as the standard deviation

B. mean is same as the mode

C. mode is same as the median

D. mean is the same as the median

Ans: D

Ex 2 : Choose the correct variable for confounding.

A. exercise

B. mean

C. deviation

D. Occupation

Ans : A

Ex 3: The weights of 8 people in kilograms are 60, 58, 55, 72, 68, 32, 71, and 52.

Find the arithmetic mean of the weights.

Sol : sum of total number

Mean = ------------------------------

Total number

60 + 58 + 55 + 72 + 68 + 32 + 71 + 52

= -----------------------------------------------------------

468

= -------

= 58.5

Ex 4: Find the median of 29, 11, 30, 18, 24, and 14.

Sol : Arrange the data in ascending order as 11, 14, 18, 30, 24, and 29.

N = 6

Since n is even,

Median = '1/2[ n/2 "th item value"+(n/2+1) "th item value"]'

= '1/2' [6/2th item value + (6/2 + 1)th item value]

= '1/2' [3rd item value + 4th item value]

= '1/2' [18 + 30]

= '1/2' * 48

= 24

Ex 5: Find the mode of 30, 75, 80, 75, and 55.

Sol : 75 are repeated twice.

Mode = 75

Ex 6: Find the Variance of (2, 4, 3, 6, and 5).

Sol: First find the mean

Mean = '(2+3+4+6+5)/5 = 20/5=4'

(X-M) = (2-4)= -2, (3-4)= -1, (4-4)=0, (6-4) =2, (5-4) =1

Then we can find the squares of a numbers.

(X-M)2 = (-2)2 = 4, (-1) 2 = 1 , 02 = 0, 22 = 4 , 12 = 1

'sum(X-M)^2= 4+1+0+4+1=10'

Number of elements = 5 , so N= 5-1 = 4

'(sum(X-M)^2)/N = 10/4=2.5'

Here we can add the all numbers and divided by total count of numbers.

= (4 + 16 + 9 + 36 + 25) / 5

= 90 / 5

= 18

Ex 7: Find the Standard deviation of 7, 5, 10, 8, 3, and 9.

Sol:

Step 1:

Calculate the mean and deviation.

X = 7, 5, 10, 8, 3, and 9

M = (7 + 5 + 10 + 8 + 3 + 9) / 6

= 42 / 6

= 7

Step 2:

Find the sum of (X - M) 2

0 + 4 + 9 + 1 + 4 = 18

Step 3:

N = 6, the total number of values.

Find N - 1.

6 - 1 = 5

Step 4:

Locate Standard Deviation by the method.

v18 / v5 = 4.242 / 2.236

= 1.89

Homework practice problems:

1. Choose the correct for statistics is outliers.

A. mode

B. range

C. deviation

D. median

Ans : B

2. Find the arithmetic mean of the weights of 8 people in kilograms is 61, 60, 58, 71, 69, 38, 77, and 51.

Sol : 60.625

3. Find the median of 22, 15, 32, 19, 21, and 13.

Sol : 20

4. Find the mode of 30, 65, 52, 75, and 52.

Sol : 52

5. Find the Variance of (3, 6, 3, 7, and 9).

Sol: 36.8

6. Find the median of 9, 12, 26, 48, 20, and 41.

Sol: 23

Discrete Mathematics

Introduction to discrete mathematics pdf:

Discrete mathematics is part of 3 main topics

Mathematics Logic

Boolean Algebra

Graph Theory

discrete mathematics pdf-Mathematics Logic

The find of logic which is used in mathematics is called deductive logic. Mathematical arguments must be strictly deductive in nature. In other words, the truth of the statements to be proved must be established assuming the truth of some other statements.

For example, in geometry we deduce the statement the statement that he sum of the three angles of a triangle is 180 degrees from the statement that an external angle of a triangle is equal to the sum of the other (i.e., opposite) two angles of the triangles of the triangle.

The kind of logic which we shall use here is bi-valued i.e. every statement will have only two possibilities, either True' or 'False' but not both.

Definition:- The symbols, which are used to represent statements, are called statement letters or sentence variables.

To represent statements usually the letters P, Q, R, ..., p, q, r, ... etc., are used

discrete mathematics pdf-Boolean algebra

Boolean algebra was firstly introduced by British Mathematician George Boole (1813 - 1865).the original purpose of this algebra was to simplify logical statements and solve logic problems. In case of Boolean algebra, there are mainly three operations (i) and (ii) or and (iii) not which are denoted by '^^' ,'vv' and (~) respectively. In this chapter, we will use +, . , ' in place of above operations respectively.

Definition:-Let B be a non-empty set with two binary operations + and ., a unary operation ' and two distinct elements 0 and 1. Then B , +, . ,' is called Boolean algebra, if the following axioms are satisfied.

discrete mathematics pdf-Graph theory

Graphs appear in many areas of mathematics, physical, social, computer sciences and in many other areas. Graph theory can be applied to solve any practical problem in electrical network analysis, in circuit layout, in operations research etc.

By a graph, we always mean a linear graph because there is no such thing as a non-linear graph. Thus in our discussion we shall drop the adjective 'linear', and will say simply a 'graph'

Definition:- A graph G = (V, E) consists of a set of objects V = (v1, v2, ...), whose elements are called vertices (or points or nodes) and an another set E = {e1, e2, ....} whose elements are called edges (or lines or branches) such that each ek is identified with an unordered pair (vi, vj) of vertices. The vertices vi and vj associated with the edge ekare said to be the end vertices of ek.

Star Formation

Introduction on star formation:

The process of star formation involves collapse of dense molecular clouds into a denser ball of plasma to form a star. Star Formation as a subject includes a study of interstellar medium and giant molecular clouds that precede star formation along with a study of young stellar objects including planets of stars.

Precursors to Star Formation

Empty Space, Interstellar Clouds and Cloud Collapse

Typically the space between interstellar objects, both within galaxies like our Milky Way and between galaxies situated far apart, is not an absolute void or vacuum and contains a diffuse interstellar medium (ISM) of gas and dust. ISM has a very low density and about one hundred thousand to one million particles per cubic meter. Its composition by mass is approximately 70% hydrogen and the rest being made up mainly by helium with traces of heavier molecules. Higher density parts of ISM form interstellar clouds whose collapse leads to formation of stars.

Interstellar clouds contain a major part of Hydrogen in the molecular form and are hence referred to as molecular clouds too. Dense giant molecular clouds can often have densities of 100 million particles per cubic meter with very large diameters of 100 light-years (a million trillion km) and a total mass of up to a million times that of our Sun. The process of cloud collapse leads to a rise in temperature.

This internal cloud of gas remains in a stable equilibrium with the two forces of gravitational attraction and kinetic energy of particles working against each other. When the cloud gets sufficiently large and massive and the forces of gravity overcome the kinetic energy, then the process of cloud collapse begins. This may happen on its own or sometimes may be triggered by other stellar events such as collision of molecular clouds, a nearby supernova explosion and galactic collisions. Sometimes, an extremely heavy black hole at the core of a galaxy may also play a role in triggering or preventing star formation.

During the process of collapse Interstellar Cloud breaks into smaller pieces until its fragments reach stellar mass with each fragment radiating energy gained by the release of gravitational potential energy. The process of collapse leads to an increase in density restricting energy radiation and causing a rise in the temperature of the cloud. Rising gravitational force also acts to limit further fragmentation leading to formation of rotating spheres of gas called stellar embryos.

History of Protostar:

A wide range of forces caused by turbulence, spin, magnetic fields formed due to spinning and macroscopic flows come into play and are affected by and also affect the cloud geometry. These influences can hinder or accelerate the process of collapse. If the process of collapse continues the dust within the cloud becomes heated leading to a rise in temperature to around 60,000 -100,000 degrees Celsius with its particles emitting radiations of far infrared wavelengths promoting further collapse of the cloud and rise of temperature in the core.

Rising core temperature and declining density of the surrounding gases create conditions congenial to let the energy escape. This allows the core temperature to rise further causing dissociation of hydrogen molecules. Resulting ionization of hydrogen and helium atoms absorbs energy of contraction. The process of collapse continues until a new equilibrium is reached between the internal pressure of hot gases and gravitational forces. The object so formed is called a protostar.

Star Formation

Protostar continues to grow by attracting material and finally when the conditions are just right the process of fusion begins. Resulting radiation further slows the process of collapse. Finally the surrounding gas and dust envelope is eliminated through absorption into protostar or dispersal and further accretion of mass stops though the process of collapse continues.

At this stage the main source of energy continues to be gravitational contraction and the object is called a pre-main sequence (PMS) star. Further collapse stops at a point and fusion process begins in the core replacing gravity as the main source of energy. The object then begins a main sequence star. Further life cycle of the star thus formed depends on its size.

Whole Numbers Integers

Introduction to whole numbers and integers

Whole number: The term whole number does not have a consistent definition. The whole number means is a set of collection of numbers including all non negative integers (0,1,...) and all positive integers(1,,3,...) and all integers(...,-3,--1,0,1,3,...).

For example: 8, 78, -676 are all the whole number.

Integer: The integer is formed by the natural numbers including zero (0, 1, 3...) together with negatives of the non zero natural numbers that is -1,-3....etc. That number also viewed as subset of a real number, The integer can be written without a decimal compound or fractional and it fall with the set of (... -3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,...).

For example: 76, 9, and -765 are integers. 1.9 And '1 2/3' are not integers.

Basic properties of whole numbers

Here we are going to study about the properties of whole numbers .

1 )Commutative property of addition of whole number :

Addition is a commutative switching the order of 2 numbers being added and the value of the result remains same.

Example: 100 + 7 = 7 + 100 = 107

2)Commutative property of multiplication of whole number:

Multiplication is a commutative switching the orders of 2 numbers being multiply.

For example: 100 x 7 = 7 x 100 = 700.

3)Associative property of whole number:

The addition and multiplication are associative: The same order of that number in grouped together and gives the same answer.

For example:(10 + 2) + 7 = 10 + (2 + 7) = 19

6 × (2 × 10) = (6 × 2) × 10 =120

4)Distributive Property:

The distributive property of multiplication over the addition: multiplication may be distributed over addition.

For example:5 × (10 + 8) = (5 × 10) + (5 × 8)

4 × (12 +11) = (4 × 12) + (4 × 11)

5) Zero property of whole number:

If we add zero to a number, the value of the number remains same. So the zero is a additive identity.

For example: 99 + 0 = 99

Multiplying of any no by zero results zero.

For example: 99 x 0 = 0

Basic properties of whole no integersintegers:

Here we study about the some basic properties of whole nos integers .

1) Commutative property of addition of whole nos integers:

The commutative property of addition tells that we can add nos in any order.

For example: -4 + two = two+ (-4)

2) Commutative property of multiplication of whole nos integers:

The commutative property of multiplication tells that we can multiply nos in any order doesn't change result.

For example: -4 x two = two x (-4).

3) Associative property of addition of whole no. integers:

The associative property of Addition tells that we can group together then we get the same result.

For Example : (-4 + two) + 3 = -4 + (two + 3)

4) Associative property of multiplication of whole no. integers:

The associative property of multiplication tells that we can group together in a product then we get the same answer.

For example : -4(2) x 3 = -4(2x 3)

Help With Third Grade Math

Introduction to help with third grade math:

Study of basic arithmetic operations and arithmetic functions is called mathematics. Help with third grade math used to learn some basic math operation. In mathematics, basic concept is arithmetic operations.

The basic arithmetic operations are addition, subtraction, division, multiplication and placing values. The help with third grade math is deals with basic algebra and involves a basic math operation only. In this article we are discussing about help with third grade math.

Examples problems for help with third grade math:

Basic addition problems for help with third grade math:

1. Find the add value of the given nos, using addition operation, 322 + 415 + 208

Solution:

Given nos using addition operation for, 322 + 415 + 208

First step, we are going to add the first two nos,

322 + 415 = 737

Then add third number with first two nos of sum values,

737+ 208 = 945

Finally we get the answer for given nos are 945.

2. Find the add value of the given nos, using addition operation, 907 + 549 + 284

Solution:

Given nos using addition operation for, 907 + 549 + 284

First step, we are going to add the first two numbers,

907 + 549 = 1456

Then add third number with first two numbers of sum values,

1456 + 284 = 1740

Finally we get the answer for given numbers are 1740.

Basic subtraction problems for help with third grade math:

1. Find the subtract value of the given numbers, using subtraction operation, 840 - 453 - 385

Solution:

Given numbers using subtraction operation for, 840 - 453 - 385

First step, we are going to add the first two numbers,

840 - 453 = 387

Then subtract third number with first two nos of subtracted values,

387 - 385 = 2

Finally we get the answer for given numbers are 2.

2. Find the subtract value of the given numbers, using subtraction operation, -278 + 452 - 603

Solution:

Given numbers using subtraction operation for, -278 + 452 - 603

First step, we are going to add the first two numbers,

-278 + 452 = 174

Then subtract third number with first two numbers of subtracted values,

174 - 603 = -429

Finally we get the answer for given nos are -429.

Basic multiplication problems for help with third grade math:

1. Find the multiply value of the given nos, using multiplication operation, 45 * 31 * 2.

Solution:

Given nos using multiplication operation for, 45 * 31 * 2

First step, we are going to multiply the first two nos,

45 * 31 = 1395

Then multiply the third number with first two nos of multiplied values,

1395 * 2 = 2790

Finally we get the answer for given numbers are 2790.

2. Find the multiply value of the given numbers, using multiplication operation, 11 * 5 * 10

Solution:

Given numbers using multiplication operation for, 1 * 5 * 1

First step, we are going to multiply the first two numbers,

11 * 5 = 55

Then multiply the third number with first two numbers of multiplied values,

55 * 10 = 550

Finally we get the answer for given numbers are 550.

Day Care Centers V/S Preschools

The word day care is used in a derogatory way and that is a misconception. Preschools and day cares are quiet similar and they meet the similar needs and requirements as they cost about the same and we can evaluate it using the same criteria. The difference between preschool and day care is that how early they tend to accept children. The preschools are the programs designed to take up children up to the age of 21 months whereas the day care centers work on a wider range by taking up children only on 5-6 months or may be even toddlers.

Another difference would be the limited time given by preschools but whereas the day care has few hours a day may be twice or even five times a days. The day care becomes more convenient for the working parents as they have the privilege to leave their kids for the entire day and may stay with the peace of mind for the extended hour. Both the preschool and day care are responsible for all aspects of their program. They direct and lead staff, prepare budget and plans and oversees daily activities. They work for kids and it is generally full time.

The day care and preschool both include early childhood educational programs. The motive of these programs is to involve the parents both at home and at school and keeping them aware updated about the running systems. It provides a broad range of educational experience for children that support emergent literacy skills and future school success. They even support children's emerging sense of self in an environment that promotes the development of confidence and competence and even foster skills for social interaction. They support the academic career of the child and nurture them from toddlerhood.

Preschool may be given a little more preference than the day care due to the curriculum. The curriculum is organized around a specific educational programs and special approach. While looking up from the basis of educational point of view preschools are more focused on the themes and the academics and the career where as the day care centers are custodial and works monotonously. But the day care too features carefully designed programs for the overall development of the child like physical, mental, emotional and social. The centers that claim to establish academic skills and speed up to develop intellectual skills wary from the others and are the ones we need to opt for.

Parent's involvement is a critical path in early child education program as the child learns more easily when he sees his parents and teacher working together. The parents are encouraged to be active participants in these programs by the day care and preschool. These programs involve the parents by organizing parents meeting, telephone conversation, parent's volunteer experience, and classroom visitation opportunities and conference. It stipulates children's cognitive development and helps them flourish with the modified programs to excel in every field. The daycare and preschool both are to be opted for an early stage of life.

Rubber Room Ruckus - Los Angeles Unified Policy Run Amok

It was more of thud then a knock and it shook me from the newspaper article I was reading. I should have ignored it; I already knew it was one of the kids who'd been kicking at my door during nutrition and lunch break when they're free to roam school grounds. My room was on the second floor balcony of one of many bungalows located on the southern edge of campus. These same kids had been making quite a commotion just outside my door for weeks on end as I tried vainly to shoo them away with appeals as well as threats. My requests to the main office for assistance always went unanswered.

But this time I decided to act quickly. I raced out and found one of the students standing there laughing at me. I was surprised to see her since they're usually in flight when the door flies open. This young lady was quite brazen; when I asked for her name she smirked and began walking away. That's when I reached out to her half heartedly; I knew I couldn't restrain her in order to get information, but I felt disrespected if I didn't do anything. So I reached out with my arm to show I meant business, but without the intention of grabbing her. My hand slightly touched her upper arm. She continued walking away and disappeared down the stairs. I didn't think anything of it until a few hours later when the Principal walked in to my room in the middle of a lesson and told me to take my things and immediately head over to her office; the police wanted to speak with me.

I spent an hour going back and forth with the two officers about who did what and when. They told me the student claimed I assaulted her and that my actions could be considered child abuse. They're methods were intimidating. I was treated as if I was guilty until proven innocent. They kept repeating the term 'child abuse' and even mentioned incarceration when I asked how serious the charges were. Eventually they left the room and I ended up the day talking to my union rep. She told me they could not have arrested me for what had happened; their intimidation was only a tactic. I wondered if those policemen gave the student the same treatment I got.

The next day I was told to gather my belongings from the classroom and return all room keys to the administrator. They were putting me on administrative leave; I was told to show up at the District office in Van Nuys where I would spend my days in a room filled with other teachers who were in the same boat.

The swiftness of the District's actions and the decidedly abstruse way they dealt with it was quite a shock to me. I never thought that a minor run-in with a student could lead to such punitive action. There are hundreds of other 'rehoused' teachers sitting out the day in so called rubber rooms, many of whom don't even know the allegations against them.

There's a witch hunt going on right now, and the judge and jury has a name and address - John Deasy, Superintendent of schools, LAUSD. This man has been intent on getting rid of classroom teachers for the past two years since becoming Superintendent. He initiated this stalinesque course of action, and he is ruining the lives of good teachers as well as students left dangling in their studies and school work when we're ripped out of the classroom in such a manner.

The District has enough work on their hands improving academics and student performance; they need to stop the charade of hiding behind abstract goals of student safety in order to thin the ranks of teachers for their own purposes.

Get rid of pedophiles, not credentialed school teachers who are just doing their job.

Extreme Value Analysis

Extreme value analysis is the branch of mathematics that deals with finding the maximum & minimum of a function. There are different ways to do that; the easiest being that by calculus. One of the other methods are by completing the square but that analysis can only be done in certain specific kinds of functions, quadratic functions to be specific. Many a times mathematics or in that case any branch of science requires finding out the limits(upper or lower) of a function to determine different properties of the function thereof. That's when we need to do the extreme value analysis to suit our needs.

Analytical definition for extreme value analysis

A function f(x) is said to have a local extremum point at the point x*, if there exists some e greater than 0 such that f(x*) greater than or equal to f(x) (for maxima) or if f(x*) less than or equal to f(x) (for minima) when |x - x*| less than e, in a given domain of x. The value of the function at this point is called extremum of the function.

A function f(x) has a global (or absolute) extremum point at x* if f(x*) greater than or equal to f(x) (for maxima) or if f(x*) less than or equal to f(x) (for minima) for all x throughout the function domain.

Tests: for extreme value analysis

There are two tests in calculus to for extreme value analysis, the first derivative test and the second derivative test. First of all, the extreme values occur at the critical points of a function, i.e., wherever the slope of the function is 'zero' or 'not defined'. Then, to check whether these points are actually extremes and also the kind of extremum i.e., whether it is a maximum or a minimum is given by the aforesaid tests. While the first derivative test gives us the kinds of the extreme points by analyzing, manually, the change in the sign of the slope of the function before and after the respective point, the second derivative test directly gives us whether a point is maximum or minimum by simply noticing the sign of the second derivative of the function at the respective point.

Extreme value analysis : A quick glance

Suppose that x* is a critical point at which f'(x*) = 0.

(i) First Derivative Test :

If f'(x) greater than0 on an open interval extending left from x* and f'(x) less than0 on an open interval extending right from x*, then f(x) has a relative maxima at x*.

If f'(x) less than0 on an open interval extending left from x* and f'(x) greater than0 on an open interval extending right from x*, then f(x) has a relative minima at x*.

If f'(x) has the same sign on both an open interval extending left from x* and an open interval extending right from x*, then f(x) does not have a relative extreme at x*.

(ii) The Second Derivative Test :

f(x) has a relative maxima at x*if f''(x*) less than0.

f(x) has a relative minima at x* if f''(x*)greater than0.

f(x) does not have any extreme values at x* if f''(x) = 0.

Q: Show that if the sum of two numbers is constant, their product will be maximum if the two numbers are equal!

A: Let the numbers be x & y, so that, x - y = c (constant)

Now, let M = xy

= M(x) = x(x-c)

= M'(x) = 2x - c

= M''(x) = c less than 0 [ so M'(x)=0 will give a maxima]

so, putting M'(x) = 0 [condition for maxima exam]

= 2x - c = 0

= x = c/2

Therefore, y = x - c = y = c/2 ;

This shows, that the product (M) is maximum when x = y!!!

Learn more on about Perimeter of Trapezoid and its Examples. Between, if you have problem on these topics Rounded Rectangle , keep checking my articles i will try to help you. Please share your comments.

Statistics Homework

Introduction to Statistics homework: Statistics is defined as a process of analysis and organize the data.

We learn about mean, median, mode in statistics. Mean is same as average in arithmetic. Median is the midvalue of the data. Mode is the value of the data that appears most number of times.

Statistics Functions and Examples:

Sum of observations

Mean = ------------------------------------

Number of observations

The statistic is called sample mean and used in simple random sampling.

The mean of deviation has discrete frequency distribution and Continuous frequency distribution.

The mean deviation and median for a continuous frequency distribution is similar as for mean deviation about the mean.

Median is found by arranging the data first and using the formula

If n is even,

Median = '1/2[ n/2 "th item value"+(n/2+1) "th item value"]'

If n is odd, Median = '1/2 (n+1)'th item value

s2 = ?(X - M) 2 / N

S2 = ?(X - M) 2 / N

Standard Deviation: It is an arithmetical figure of spread and variability

Ex 1 : Choose the correct for normal frequency distribution.

A. mean is same as the standard deviation

B. mean is same as the mode

C. mode is same as the median

D. mean is the same as the median

Ans: D

Ex 2 : Choose the correct variable for confounding.

A. exercise

B. mean

C. deviation

D. Occupation

Ans : A

Ex 3: The weights of 8 people in kilograms are 60, 58, 55, 72, 68, 32, 71, and 52.

Find the arithmetic mean of the weights.

Sol : sum of total number

Mean = ------------------------------

Total number

60 + 58 + 55 + 72 + 68 + 32 + 71 + 52

= -----------------------------------------------------------

468

= -------

= 58.5

Ex 4: Find the median of 29, 11, 30, 18, 24, and 14.

Sol : Arrange the data in ascending order as 11, 14, 18, 30, 24, and 29.

N = 6

Since n is even,

Median = '1/2[ n/2 "th item value"+(n/2+1) "th item value"]'

= '1/2' [6/2th item value + (6/2 + 1)th item value]

= '1/2' [3rd item value + 4th item value]

= '1/2' [18 + 30]

= '1/2' * 48

= 24

Ex 5: Find the mode of 30, 75, 80, 75, and 55.

Sol : 75 are repeated twice.

Mode = 75

Ex 6: Find the Variance of (2, 4, 3, 6, and 5).

Sol: First find the mean

Mean = '(2+3+4+6+5)/5 = 20/5=4'

(X-M) = (2-4)= -2, (3-4)= -1, (4-4)=0, (6-4) =2, (5-4) =1

Then we can find the squares of a numbers.

(X-M)2 = (-2)2 = 4, (-1) 2 = 1 , 02 = 0, 22 = 4 , 12 = 1

'sum(X-M)^2= 4+1+0+4+1=10'

Number of elements = 5 , so N= 5-1 = 4

'(sum(X-M)^2)/N = 10/4=2.5'

Here we can add the all numbers and divided by total count of numbers.

= (4 + 16 + 9 + 36 + 25) / 5

= 90 / 5

= 18

Ex 7: Find the Standard deviation of 7, 5, 10, 8, 3, and 9.

Sol:

Step 1:

Calculate the mean and deviation.

X = 7, 5, 10, 8, 3, and 9

M = (7 + 5 + 10 + 8 + 3 + 9) / 6

= 42 / 6

= 7

Step 2:

Find the sum of (X - M) 2

0 + 4 + 9 + 1 + 4 = 18

Step 3:

N = 6, the total number of values.

Find N - 1.

6 - 1 = 5

Step 4:

Locate Standard Deviation by the method.

v18 / v5 = 4.242 / 2.236

= 1.89

Homework practice problems:

1. Choose the correct for statistics is outliers.

A. mode

B. range

C. deviation

D. median

Ans : B

2. Find the arithmetic mean of the weights of 8 people in kilograms is 61, 60, 58, 71, 69, 38, 77, and 51.

Sol : 60.625

3. Find the median of 22, 15, 32, 19, 21, and 13.

Sol : 20

4. Find the mode of 30, 65, 52, 75, and 52.

Sol : 52

5. Find the Variance of (3, 6, 3, 7, and 9).

Sol: 36.8

6. Find the median of 9, 12, 26, 48, 20, and 41.

Sol: 23

Equalative Fraction

Introduction to equalative fraction:

The equivalent fraction, multiplying the numerator and denominator of a fn by the same (non-zero) number, the results of the new fraction is said to be equivalent to the original fraction. The word equivalent means that the two fns have the same value. (Source: Wikipedia)

Before the introduction of the decimal system children need to learn a lot more about fractions, as this was the only way to show a part of a whole number. In the past, using such as 5/2 and 3/5 to describe shares of objects or groups of objects was common. These have been replaced by decimals and the calculations are frequently done and writing is done in a different way to whole numbers.

A fraction consists of numerator and a denominator. This area of mathematics has frequently caused problems for both teachers and students alike, this concern however, is unnecessary if the correct grounding is given and basic concepts are understood.

Equalative fraction - Definition and examples:

Definition for equivalent :

The equivalent frs are fractions that are equal to the each other. We can use cross multiplication to decide to whether two fs are equivalent. The fractions that explain the same amount are called equivalent fs.

The equivalent frs of the same value or equivalent means equal in value. Fraction can look different but be equivalent. These fs are really the same,

Example: 3/4 = 15/20 = 75/100

The rule for equivalent multiplying numerator and denominator of a derived by the same number or a whole fraction, the results of derived is said to be equivalent to the original fraction. The equivalent fraction that two derived values have, the same value and they retain of the same integrity and proportion.

Equalative fraction:

Two frs are equivalent frs if they have the same value. The common denominator is add and subtract fn each derived must have a common denominator they must be same thing. In derived we must find a number that all the denominators will divide evenly into, Example look at the derived 1 / 4 and 1 / 6 .The denominators for these fractions are 4 and 6. A number that 4 and 6 will divide into evenly is 24.

Equalative fn - Example problems:

3 / 4 = 15 / 206 / 7 = 24 / 288 / 10 = 16 / 206 / 8 = 18 / 245 / 7 = 25 / 357 / 8 = 28 / 32

Simplify the equalative and examples:

Simplify the equalative :

A fraction is in simplest method, if the numerator and the denominator are relatively prime numbers. The concept of simplifying derived is obviously connected to the concept of equivalent fractions. One main connection is that when we are simplifying derived, we are basically finding an equivalent fraction in which the numerator and denominator are smaller (and thus simpler) numbers.

The equivalent makes simpler a derived we find a number which will divide into both the numerator and the denominator evenly, leaving no remainder. Example, to simplify the fraction 35 / 20 we divide the numerator and denominator by 5. So, 7 / 4 is the simplified derived for 35 / 20

Equalative fraction - Example problems:

15 / 30 = 3 / 10

25 / 35 = 5 / 7

27 / 36 = 9 / 12

32 / 28 = 8 / 7

45 / 40 = 9 / 8

22 / 14 = 11 / 7

Variables in Statistics Tutor

Introduction :

The variable which is available in the statistics it is called as statistical variable. It is a feature that may acquire choice in adding of one group of data to which a mathematical enumerates can be allocated. Some of the variables are altitude, period, quantity of profit, region or nation of birth, grades acquired at school and category of housing, etc,. Our statistics tutor defines the different types of statistics variables and the example of these types. Our tutor helps to you to know more information about the variables in statistics.

Variables in statistics tutor:

Let us, see the different types used in statistics and the uses of these types. There two kinds of used in statistics. They are,

Statistical 1: Qualitative

Statistical 1: Quantitative

These two kinds are used for various uses based on the statistics. Also, these types are divided into number of categories and which is used to various uses.

Explanation :

Qualitative :

The qualitative variant is the initial category of variable in statistics. Qualitative variables are cannot be measured which are called as attributes.

The qualitative variable is categories into two parts:

Qualitative type 1: Nominal

Qualitative type 2: Ordinal

1. Nominal variable:

Nominal values are the qualitative that does not hold any mathematical proposition like one's sacred quantity or city or surroundings. Using this nominal it does not do any addition, subtraction, even sorted.

2. Ordinal variables:

Ordinal variable is similar to the nominal variable but it uses some logical technique can arrange the variables. For instance in school ( junior and senior).

Quantitative variables:

The next category of statistical is a quantitative. The quantitative can be measured straightly.

The quantitative is categories into two parts:

Quantitative type 1: Continuous

Quantitative type 2: Discrete

1. Continuous :

The variable that can acquire all the values from the specified sequence then it is known as continuous. That is it can take an infinite value from the higher range to lower range of the given series.

Example:

Assume the person's age. Here, age is considered as a numerical value. If the age of the person is in among 36 and 56, the outcome can be any value among 36 and 56; therefore "Age of a person "is continuous variable.

2. Discrete :

The variable that can acquire only a specific value from the given range then it is said to be discrete variable. Hence, it can take the finite number of values only.

Example:

The number of child in the family is among 4 and 6, the outcome will be only 5. That is among 4 and 6, the can take only a specified value 5; therefore, "number of child in a family" is discrete variable.

Five Number Summary Online

Introduction to five number summary online help:

Online:

Five number summary online help:

Different statistics are involved in five number summary are,

Minimum

Maximum

Median

Lower quartile

Upper quartile

Minimum:

Lowest value in the given set of numbers.

Maximum:

Largest value in the given set of numbers.

Median:

Middle value in the given set of numbers.

Lower quartile:

Number between the minimum and median.

Upper quartile:

Number between the maximum and median.

Five number summary online help - Steps to solve:

There are different steps to solve the five number summary are,

Observation can be arranged in the ascending order.

The lowest and largest value in the observation can be determined.

Five number summary online help - Example problem:

Example 1:

Help to find the five number summary for the given set of data

{235, 222, 244, 255, 217, 228, and 267}

Solution:

Given set of data

{235, 222, 244, 255, 217, 228, and 267}

{217, 222, 228, 235, 244, 255, 267} [Arrange the set in ascending order]

Minimum and Maximum values in the given set of data are 217 and 267.

Median:

Given observation is odd. So the median is middle of the observation then the median is 235.

Lower quartile:

Given observation is not divisible by four. So the lower quartile is {217, 222, and 228}

Upper quartile:

Given observation is not divisible by four. So the upper quartile is {244, 255, and 267}.

Answer:

Minimum: 217

Maximum: 267

Median: 235

Lower quartile: {217, 222 and 228}

Upper quartile: {244, 255 and 267}

Star Formation

Introduction on star formation:

Precursors to Star Formation

Empty Space, Interstellar Clouds and Cloud Collapse

History of Protostar:

Star Formation